Connect what you learn about anatomy and physiology to what you already know about your own body. You probably have a general understanding of how your body works. But do you fully comprehend how all of the intricate functions and systems of the human body work together to keep you healthy?
This course will provide that insight. By approaching the study of the body in an organized way, you will be able to connect what you learn about anatomy and physiology to what you already know about your own body. By taking this course, you will begin to think and speak in the language of the domain while integrating the knowledge you gain about anatomy to support explanations of physiological phenomenon.
The course focuses on a few themes that, when taken together, provide a full view of what the human body is capable of and of the exciting processes going on inside of it. The themes are:. Developed with best practices in applied learning theory, this course offers an active learning experience for any student in the form of pre-tests, ample practice opportunities, 3D interactive images, walkthrough videos, and other special tools and applications that will increase your comprehension of anatomy and physiology.
Ultimately, your understanding of the material offered in this course will provide you with a solid foundation to explore careers in the health and fitness industries. In addition to the course themes of: Structure and Function, Homeostasis, Levels of Organization, and Integration of Systems, this course has the following units:.
This may be a full textbook replacement for a typical week semester class, or may be intended as supplemental material. OLI system requirements, regardless of course :. Some courses include exercises with exceptions to these requirements, such as technology that cannot be used on mobile devices. Watch the video to see how easily students can register with a Course Key. Free for independent learners. Category: Life Sciences independent learners.
The themes are: Structure and function of the body , and the connection between the two. Levels of Organization , the major levels of organization in the human organism from the chemical and cellular levels to the tissues, organs and organ systems.
Integration of Systems , concerning which systems are subsets of larger systems, and how they function together in harmony and conflict. What students will learn By the end of this course, students will learn or be able to: Comprehend how all of the intricate functions and systems of the human body work together to keep you healthy.
Approach the study of the body in an organized way. Begin to think and speak in the language of the domain while integrating the knowledge you gain about anatomy to support explanations of physiological phenomenon. Understand a full view of what the human body is capable of and of the exciting processes going on inside of it. Unit 2: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Module 2: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Classify individual body system functions based on their contribution to vital human functions.
Use a thematic framework to make sense of the different components of anatomy and physiology. Use body planes and directional orientation to describe the locations of body structures.
Module 3: Introduction of Systems Describe the cardiovascular system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other.
Describe the digestive system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other. Describe the endocrine system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other.
Describe the integumentary system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other. Describe the lymphatic system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other. Describe the muscular system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other.
Describe the nervous system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other. Describe the respiratory system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other.
Describe the skeletal system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other.
Describe the urinary system: list the major organs and structures, describe the major functions, and use anatomical planes and directional terms to identify organs and their relationships to each other. List the organ systems of the human body, and identify the main organs for each. Unit 3: Levels of Organization Module 4: Levels of Organization Introduction Describe, in order from simplest tomost complex, the major levels of organization in the human organism.
Module 5: Chemistry Define an acid and a base and locateeach on a pH scale. Define atoms, molecules andmacromolecules and list their hierarchical assembly. Describe how amphipathicstructures of lipids lead to compartmentalization.
Describe how lipids are distributed in acell membrane. Describe the basic structure ofamino acids. Describe the four levels ofprotein structure and discuss the importance of protein structure in function. Describe the structure and differenttypes of carbohydrates. Describe the structure of DNA andits role in protein synthesis.
Discuss how atoms combine via ionic and covalent bonds to form molecules. Discuss how control of DNAexpression is related to cell properties. Discuss the physiologicallyimportant properties of water and how these properties are functions of the molecularstructure. Identify biologically relevantatoms and use atomic information to calculate molecular weight. List and describedifferent protein functions within different cell types. List and explain the threemajor functions of carbohydrates.
List the four essentialmacromolecules in physiology. Explain how properties of the substructure relate to thefunction of the macromolecule. Module 6: The Cell Define and describe the functions of major cellularorganelles in human cells. Define filtration andprovide examples of molecules that move across membranes via filtration. Define the term cell and describe how cellstructures relate to function. Identify and briefly describe the three main parts of acell.
Describe endocytosis andexocytosis as a means of moving materials across the membrane. Describe the componenets and structure of a cellmembrane. Describe the environment in which diffusion will occur. Provide examples ofsubstances that move by simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion Describe the process of activetransport, its energy requirements, and list examples of substances that useit.
Describe the process ofosmosis and explain the effects of hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic conditions on cellsand water shifts in the human body. Identify and describe the stagesof somatic cell division including interphase and mitosis. Describe how cell number ismaintained and the processes associated with cell death: apoptosis and necrosis. Module 7: Higher Order Structures Define organ. Discuss the organ levelwithin the larger hierarchy of human physiology.
Define tissue. List the four majortissue types and organ systems associated with each. Discuss how the organ systems worktogether in the whole body and how the body interacts with the environment to impactphysiology.
Unit 4: Homeostasis Module Integration of Systems Explain how different organ systems relate to one another to maintain homeostasis. Module 8: Homeostasis and Feedback Loops Compare and contrast positive and negative feedback in terms of the relationship between stimulus and response.
Define homeostasis and describe the multiple levels of homeostatic maintenance in physiology. List the components of a feedback loop and explain the function of each. Provide an example of a negative feedback loop. Describe the specific structures organs, cells or molecules included in the feedback loop. Provide an example of a positive feedback loop. Module 9: Homeostatic Maintenance Describe how abnormalities in homeostatic feedback loops lead to disease states.
Predict the types of problems that would occur if homeostasis could not be maintained. Identify and discuss components of the skeletalsystem.
Review common facts and myths about the skeletalsystem. Compare and contrast the bones andthe functions of the Axial and Appendicular divisions of the skeleton. Describe the classificationof bone based on shape. Describe the functionalclassification of articulations, based on degree of movement allowed—synarthrotic,amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic—and provide examples of each type. Describe the three maincomponents of a long bone. Identify and label the bones of theaxial skeletal system. Identify and label the bones ofthe appendicular skeleton.
Integrate the functions of thedifferent skeletal system components to the system functions. Module Skeletal Levels of Organization Compare intramembranous andendochondral intracartilaginous bone formation.
Describe the effects of afracture and the most common types of fractures. Describe the functions of theinorganic extracellular matrix components in osseous bone tissue. Describe the functions of theorganic extracellular matrix components in osseous bone tissue. Describe the mechanics of bonerepair and aging. Integrate the levels of organizationin the skeletal system and their functional interconnections.
List the cell types andextracellular matrix components in the osseous bone and describe theirfunction. Visually identify microscopicand macroscopic bone structures. Module Skeletal Homeostasis Describe the cellular andextracellular matrix reorganization that occurs in response to stress force onbones. Describe the passive and activeresponses that occur in cartilage when stress force on the tissue changes. Describe two disorders of the skeletal system that can result from calcium deficiency.
Explain how the skeletal systemand endocrine system interact for calcium homeostasis. Module Skeletal Integration of Systems Discuss ways in which other bodysystems integrate with the skeletal system. Identify and discuss components of the muscular system. Review common facts and myths about the muscular system.
Module Muscular Structures and Functions Define the terms muscle tone, hypotonia and hypertonia. Define the terms prime mover or agonist , antagonist, synergist and fixator and provide an example of each. Define the terms: aponeuroses, tendons, bursae. Describe different fiber organization parallel, convergent, pinnate, sphincter and how the organization is related to functions.
Describe the composition of the connective tissue layer that surrounds each cell, fascicle, muscle and group of muscles. Describe the difference between isometric and isotonic contractions of muscle. Differentiate among the three classes of levers in terms of the relative position of fulcrum, effort and load, as well as in terms of the relative power and range of motion. Module Muscular Levels of Organization Compare and contrast the structure, location in the body and function of skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.
Define and describe the functions of major cellularorganelles in human cells. Describe how the parallel organization of a sarcomere relates to force generation; predict what effect changes in filament overlap would have on muscle function. Describe myoblast fusion to generate multinucleated skeletal muscle cells and tissue structure.
Describe the anatomy of the neuromuscular junction. Describe the difference between tetanus and treppe. Describe the different structural levels of skeletal muscle organization.
Describe the interaction of actin and myosin in force generation. Identify which cofactors ions and proteins regulate actin-myosin force generation. Describe the mechanisms that muscle fibers use to generate ATP for muscle contraction.
Describe the process of activetransport, its energy requirements, and list examples of substances that useit. Describe the sequence of events involved in the contraction cycle of skeletal muscle.
Describe the specialized structures of muscle cells. Explain how an electrical signal from the nervous system is communicated to muscle cells. Explain how the cellular organization of fused skeletal muscle cells allows muscle tissue to contract properly. Explain the effects of summation and recruitment on muscle contraction. Explain the three phases twitch undergoes as viewed on a myogram. Identify skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle cells by anatomical features.
List the anatomical and metabolic characteristics of fast, slow, and intermediate muscle fibers. List the sources of energy used in muscle contraction. Module Muscular Homeostasis Describe how an improperly functioning skeletal muscular system would affect other systems.
Describe several factors that can affect the endurance of muscles. Explain the role of the muscular system in maintaining temperature homeostasis. Provide examples of factors that can affect muscle size. Module Muscular Integration of Systems Describe how an improperly functioning skeletal muscular system would affect other systems.
Describe how muscle tissue within the cardiovascular system contributes to proper function. Describe how muscle tissue within the digestive system contributes to proper function. Unit 7: Integumentary System Module Integumentary System Introduction Explore common facts and myths about the integumentarysystem. Dental Expert Free.
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